With a focus on how to improve the effectiveness and cultural competence of clinical services and research this authoritative volume synthesizes current knowledge on both the physical and psychological health of African Americans today. In chapters that follow a consistent format for easy reference leading scholars from a broad range of disciplines review risk and protective factors for specific health conditions and identify what works what doesn t work and what might work (i.e. practices requiring further research) in clinical practice with African Americans. Historical sociocultural and economic factors that affect the quality and utilization of health care services in African American communities are examined in depth. Evidence-based ways to draw on individual family and community strengths in prevention and treatment are highlighted throughout. Winner--American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award