A Co-Publication of Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. and The International Reading Association This book is a shorter version of the full volume Developing Literacy in Second-Language Learners reporting the findings of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children and Youth. The Panel - a distinguished group of expert researchers in reading language bilingualism research methods and education - was appointed to identify assess and synthesize research on the literacy education of language-minority children and youth. In this book chapters adapted from the original report concisely summarize what is known from empirical research about the development of literacy in language-minority children and youth including development environment instruction and assessment.